¥­¦w©]ºq
Pyng'an yeh ge

¥­¦w©]¡A¸t©|©]
Pyng'an yeh, shenq shann yeh,
¸U·t¤¤¡A¥úµØ®g¡A
wann ann jong, guang hua sheh,
·ÓµÛ¸t¥À¤]·ÓµÛ¸tÀ¦¡A
jaw.je shenq muu yee, jaw.je shenq ing,
¦h¤Ö·O²»¤]¦h¤Ö¤Ñ¯u¡A
duoshao tzyrshyang yee duoshao tian jen,
ÀR¨É¤Ñ½ç¦w¯v¡A
jinqsheang tiantsyh anmian,
ÀR¨É¤Ñ½ç¦w¯v¡C
jinqsheang tiantsyh anmian.

¥­¦w©]¡A¸t©|©]
Pyng'an yeh, shenq shann yeh,
ªª¦Ï¤H¡A¦bÃm³¥¡A
muh yarng ren, tzay kuanq yee,
©¿µM¬Ý¨£¤F¤Ñ¤W¥úµØ¡A
huran kannjiann leau tian shanq hua,
Å¥¨£¤Ñ­x°Û«¢§Q¸ô¨È¡A
tingjiann tianjiun charng ha-lih-luh-ia,
±Ï¥D¤µ©]±N¥Í¡I
Jiowjuu jinyeh jiang sheng!
±Ï¥D¤µ©]±N¥Í¡I
Jiowjuu jinyeh jiang sheng!

¥­¦w©]¡A¸t©|©]
Pyng'an yeh, shenq shann yeh,
µc¤l·R¡A¥ú²®µ²¡A
sheng tzyy ay, guang jeau jie,
´N®í§»®¦ªº¾¤©ú¨Ó¨ì¡A
jiow shu horng'en d liming lai daw,
¸t®eµo¥X¨Óºa¥ú·Á·Ó¡G
shenq rong fachulai rong guang pu jaw:
­C¿q§Ú¥D­°¥Í¡A
Yesu woo juu jianq sheng.
­C¿q§Ú¥D­°¥Í¡Cªü­Ì
Yesu woo juu jianq sheng. Amen

Ping'an ye, sheng shan ye,
wan an zhong, guang hua she,
Zhaozhe sheng mu ye zhaozhe sheng ying,
Duoshao cixiang duoshao tianzhen,
Jing xiang tian ci anmian,
Jing xiang tian ci anmian.

Ping'an ye, sheng shan ye,
mu yang ren, zai kuang ye,
Huran kanjian liao tianshang guang hua,
Tingjian tianjun chang ha-li-lu-ya;
Jiuzhu jinye jiangsheng!
Jiuzhu jinye jiangsheng.

Ping'an ye, sheng shan ye,
sheng zi ai, kuang jiao jie,
Jiu shu hongende liming lai dao,
Sheng rong fachulai rong kuang pu zhao:
Yesu wo zhu jiang sheng,
Yeso wo zhu jiang sheng. (Amen)

¯¬±z¦³¬ü§®ªº¸t½Ï©M§Ö¼Ö¶¶§Qªº·s¦~¡I

Wish You All A Wonderful Christmas; And A Happy Successful New Year.

Alfred ¶øÀs

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

I suggest that you post the question to Yahoo Club instead.

As posted here, your Chinese text requires editing by me to be readable.

Generally speaking, it is better to leave this area for general queries, rather than more in-depth discussions.

Many questioned whether Yongzheng had really been named heir in Kangxi's will, but he supressed oppositions, consolidated power and became an able conscientious ruler.

For all interested, so here again the URL to Su Shi's Qian Chibi Fu

http://www.fa-kuan.muc.de/CHYHBIH.RXML

Alfred ¶øÀs

(P.S. Ming and SL, your test e-mails did arrive!)

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

I have a short list of websites about Chinese inventions , some are specifically for students' projects. It is not a complete list.

Authors of books have considerable latitute in choosing titles for their books. This is true in Chinese as well as in Western countries.

The most popular book on Chinese poetry - 300 Selected Tang Poems" contains 320 poems from the Tang Dynasty. As a matter of fact, in this book, Poems #312 - 320 are among the most often cited poems!

Dear Ming

I am been too straight-forward in literally taking the letter Qian ¤d for a thousand. On the oblique angle, Qian ¤d can mean Numerous or Multiple. Thus, Qian Jia ¤d®a would mean Numerous Scholars (Poets) or literary contributors. Along this line, Qian Jia Shi ¤d®a¸Ö would mean a Collection of Poems contributed by Numerous Scholars (Poets). Simply this will be an Anthology of Chinese Poems.

There is a difficulty for Westerners, and a student like myself, to comprehend "1000 Selected Poems" when there are only 226 poems. Maybe an alternative name, though not exactly a direct translation, would be "An Anthology of Chinese Classical Poems".

The full text of this book has always been available at this website.

From the Home page, click on 'Poetry', and on '1,000 Selected Poems' to the see the poems (in GIF).

BTW, the last poem in the book was by Emperor Shizong, of the Reign of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty.

Dear Yoon-Ngan

Why called it a Thousand Famous (Specialised, Scholarly) Poems or Thousand Family Poems when there are only 226 poems?

Dear Yoon-Ngan

Why called it a Thousand Family Poems when there are only 226 poems?

Welcome to China the Beautuful
For those who have not read this book "Qian Jia Shi ¤d®a¸Ö" mentioned by Boris.

Altogether, there are 226 poems in this book.
The first poem is a very popular poem by Meng Hao Ran (©s¯EµM) entitled:

¬K¯v

¬K¯v¤£Ä±¾å¡M ³B³B»D³Ú³¾?BR> ©]¨Ó­·«BÁn¡Mªá¸¨ª¾¦h¤Ö¡C

The last poem called Song Mao Bo Wen (°e¤ò§B·Å) was written by Zhu Hou Zong (¦¶«pæp) who was the Emperor (1522AD to 1566AD) of the Ming Dynasty (1368AD to 1644AD).
Zhu Hou Zong ordered General Mao Bo Wen to pacify An Nan (¦w«n), present day Vietnam which was in rebellion in 1537AD.

My name is Boris Meshcheryakov. I live in Moscow, Russia. My hobby is translating Chinese classical "shi" poetry into Russian. Can you help me to get in touch with young (or not too young) people sharing the same hobby and having a good knowledge of Chinese history and tradition. I am also especially interested in getting some information on the collection of poetry entitled "Qian Jia Shi". I translated this whole book into Russian (it is a poetic translation, by the way). Soon, it will be published on one of Russian Internet sites. If you interested in a URL, I can send it to you. The translations are published along with the Chinese originals (GIF's) plus the translator's commentary.

Please help me if you can or just redirect me to some good people you know (Chinese students who speak English and love their classical poetry).

Thank you so much.

Remembering the spelling of our dear (and now pretty silent!) friend Stephen Hwang's name, I *now* know for sure that it is written according the rules of Gwoyeu Romatzyh ;-)
Stephen, so fond of Chinese dialectology, maybe will be interested in the link to Chao Yuenren society exclusively dealing with that kind of stuff!

http://www.fa-kuan.muc.de/CHYHBIH.RXML

Your hints on typos etc. are most appreciated!

Alfred ¶øÀs

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

Dear Pankaj

Further to what Yoon-Ngan has posted, I will relate another three versions of the origin of tea drinking, one being the story you mentioned about the Buddhist monk, Bodhidharnma.

One Chinese legend has Shen Nong, the Divne Cultivator, drinking from a boiled pot in which some tea leaves accidentally fell in. He liked it and introduced it to the Chinese. The second version is that Shen Nong, being a herbalist, tried various herbal extracts by boiling, and he found tea to have some medicinal value.

The third version is that Bodhidhrama, the Indian Buddhist monk and founder of Chan (or Zen in Japanese) Buddhism, sat in meditation (Chan) for nine years staring at a wall in the Shaoling Temple seeking enlightenment. He once fell asleep, and to prevent his eyelids from drooping, he sliced off the eyelids and threw them away. Where the eyelids landed, a tea plant grew. From this plant, a drink was brewed that could keep a person awake. It is believed that Buddhist monks drink tea to help keep awake from the monotony of incantations.

Aside from legends, it was documented that tea was presented to King Wen, founder of the Zhou Dynasty (1100-771 BCE), by tribes from Sichuan. Hence, Chinese tea growing must have started in Sichuan. Later, tea was planted in a large scale in Fujian Province, which now grows the world famous Iron Guanying (type of Wulong tea). The word "tea", as Yoon-Ngan explained, comes frrom the Southern Fujian (Min-Nan) word "Tay", the equivalent of "Cha" in Cantonese or Putonghua (Mandarin). Another famous area of tea growing is around Hangzhou in Zhejiang Province, which is famous for the green tea called Dragon Well Tea (Long Jing Cha).

You can read about Chinese tea in an interesting book called "All the Tea in China" by Kit Chow and Ione Kramer pub. China Books and Periodicals ISBN 0-8351-2194-1.

Dear Andrew

The word "Joss" has three meanings according to the Webster's Third New International Dictionary. The most commonly used is from Pidgin English, mis-spelt and mis-pronounced for Latin "Deus" meaning God. Hence, in the Chinese context, "Joss" means Chinese idol, cult or worship. Subsequently, we have joss-stick, joss-paper, joss-house, joss-flower (Chinese sacred lily).

We have discussed Joss-paper money (Mock Money) in October 2000 of this Discussion Page. Please use Control F and the word "Joss" to scroll through the Archived October 2000 section.

The other meanings for "Joss" are:
a) an English slang for Foreman
b) short for Jostle.
It is also a surname for Westerners.

To see joss-sticks and joss-paper, go to:
http://www.vietvet.org/val_10.htm
http://www.chinavista.com/experience/joss/joss.html
http://www.c-c-c.org/ex/paperjoss.html
http://www.tigergifts.com/joss.htm
http://www.tigergifts.com/jossincen.htm
http://www.jocelync.com/ritpap.html

This is my version of Tea Story

The Chinese always proudly consider themselves as the descendants of the Yellow Emperor (¶À«Ò).

Yellow Emperor had twenty five sons. His fifth son was named who Hui (´§)invented a weapon by tying a vine to the two ends of a bamboo stick. Hui called it Gong (¤} bow). Later he invented the arrows made of bamboo stips. According to legend Hui was the first man in China by using bow and arrows to shoot and kill animals.

Yellow Emperor was credited with numerous inventions, from social reform and formation of a government to such minor things as cooking utensils, tea, chopsticks and many other articles. The most important inventions of all were the compass, clothing, weapons (ancient time weapons were throwing stones), using mud bricks to build houses, wooden dingy and music. His wife Lei Zu (¹ã¯ª) developed sericulture.

Maybe I should add that the empress (Wan Rong), unlike Wen Xiu who dared to pursue her divorce, maintaining her social rank and role "at the emperors side", lastly was destroyed by this attitude: Puyi rejected/neglected her, so she got addicted to consuming opium and finally died in 1945(?) in Kirin. After the Japanese capitulation, Puyi had left her behind. Arrested by the comunists and opium no longer available, she went insane from withdrawal symptoms.

Alfred ¶øÀs

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

In 1922, Dec. 1, the 15-year-old emperor was married to Wan Rong (after he had favoured Wen Xiu - whose photograph he had marked with his pencil). At last the concurring widows of the late Tong Zhi could be convinced to give him Wen Xiu (12 years) as his concubine (whom he was divorced from in 1931).

In 1937, Jul. 7, Puyi married Tan Yuling, who died in 1942.

1942 Puyi married his "concubine of good luck", who in 1956 got divorced from him.

(from: §Úªº«e¥b¥Í Wo-ti ch'ien-pan sheng, Peking 1964)

Alfred ¶øÀs

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

Li Shuxian married Pu Yi in 1962.

See http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/55/045.html

Lunar New Year Hakka Tradition

I was at my Hakka hometown, in Perak, Malaysia, during the last Chinese New Year last year (1999). This is about the Hakka custom in relation to the Lunar New Year.

People revered the Hakkas for paying great attention to their traditional ways of celebrating the Lunar New Year. On the first day of the New year (Nian Chu Yi ¦~ªì¤@ ) unpropitious words are prohibited. Sweeping the floor and cooking are not allowed. Even those often irascible adults will also calm down their temper and speak softely. To the kids it is "Bai Wu Jin Ji ¦ÊµL¸T§Ò " or an all out to enjoy themselves and have fun.

On the first day of the New Year the Hakkas are very particular about unpropitious words. The adults will keep reminding the kids not to "Shun Kou Liu ¶¶¤f·È" or speak without thinking by using words that are regarded as unlucky. In case unlucky words were spoken out subconsciously by the kids, the adults will quickly say "Tong Yan Wu Ji, Hai Zi Wu Xin µ£«ÄµL§Ò, «Ä¤lµL¤ß" or words are not taboo by kids unintentionally yapping.

Hakkas belive in the concept of "Shi Dai Cai «Ë±a°] " or money coming in through the shit. No sweeping the floor on the first day of the New Year has become a Hakka custom. Whatever needed to be swept has been swept away on the New Year Eve. Usually they put away the brooms and dustpans to an obscure place where it cannot been seen by anyone especially the guests. This is to avoid the money atmosphere being swept away. However, it is unavoidable that there are rubbish like pelled off fruit skins, papers etceteras. In order to keep the house clean they use the tiny bamboo strips and tie them together in a buddle with which they broom the rubbish to the corner of the lounge. They do not wash the clothings either. All the sweepings washings and tidying the house are awaiting to be done on the third day of the New Year which is called "Qiong Gui Ri ½a°­¤é " or hungry ghost day.

The purpose of not cooking on the first day of the New Year, actually is considered more as the day of rest for the housewives than a custom. The food for that day was prepared the previous day. All they have to do is to warm them up when they want to eat. It is to be remembered that some of the families turn vegetarians on that particular day only, but most of them do eat meat. The vegetarian dishes are oyster and white raddish soup, oysters fry with "Jin Zhen ª÷°w" dried lotus buds, " Mu Er ¤ì ¦Õ " or wood mushroom and "Dong Fen ¥V¯»" or green bean noddle.

"Nian Gao ¦~¿|" or New Year cakes made of glutinous rice and "Mo Bing ¿i»æ " or rice cake with imprints of flower or the character "Shou ¹Ø " or longevity are being served to the guests who come to "Bai Nian «ô¦~" or wish Happy New Year.

It is advisable to choose the auspicious time to open the front door to welcome the "Cai Shen °]¯« " or Money God in the morning on the first day of New Year. "Da Ren Xiao Xin, Xiao Hai Kai Xin ¤j¤H¤p¤ß, ¤p«Ä¶}¤ß " adults wary but kids are merry when the front doors are first opened for the new year. Immediately, the children are letting off firecrackers in front of the house in order to chase away evil spirits. After breakfast many people, especially women folks will go to the temples to burn joss sticks usually praying for "Qi Yuan °_Ä@ " or successful new year wish.

On the second day of the New Year (Nian Chu Er ¦~ªì¤G ) the married daughters will go back to their parents house for the reunion dinners. Bringing along with them are the presents of waxed ducks, sausage meat, chickens ducks, fruit, confectionary and the most important thing is the "Hong Bao ¬õ¥] " or red packets, containing money. After lunch or dinner the married daughters will return to home with presents given by the parents. In the olden time when it was a great distance to walk to the parents place the married daughters might stay for a few days there.

On the third day of the New Year (Nian Chu San ¦~ªì¤T) or the hungry ghost day the rubbish in the house is being disposed off and clothings have to be washed. Together, old and young, they kick the hungry ghost out off the house by letting off more firecrackers so that wealth can come in easily into the house without any obstruction .

Many elder married women, if their parents are still alive, choose to visit their parents on the fourth day of the New Year. Children love to follow their mothers to go there as they are hoping to collect red packets from their matrilineal grandparents, uncles (Jiu Jiu ¸¤¸¤) and aunties (A Yi ªü«¼) who are working.

>From the fifth day of the New Year onwards the festive atmosphere has diminished and the rustic Hakka People are preparing for the spring ploughing. Every one knows that it is the beginning of another year of Spring ploughing (Chun Geng ¬K¯Ñ ), Summer weeding (Xia Yun ®L¯Ð ), Autumn harvesting (Qiu Shou ¬î¦¬ ) and Winter storing (Dong Zang ¥VÂà ). To the rural Hakka farmers this is the way of life.

On the nineth day of the New Year is the Hokkiens custom to "Bai Tian Gong «ô¤Ñ¤½ " or pray to the Heavenly God. However, the Hakkas in Malaysia are following the Hokkien to Bai Tian Gong on that day. Due to the intermarriages of the dialectal groups in Malaysia, like Hakka girls marrying Hokkien men or Hokkien girls marriyng Hakka men or Hainanese marrying Hakka or Cantonese marrying Hakka etcetras, nowadays every family is celebrating the festival enthusiastically.

Businessmen pray to Tian Gong and wish that their businesses "Lai Nian Sheng Yi Xing Long, Qian Cai Yuan Gun Gun Lai ¨Ó¦~¥Í·N¿³¶©, ¿ú°]·½ºuºu¨Ó " will be prosperous so that money and wealth will be rushing in.

They offer the Tian Gong with sugar canes, roast pigs and fruit but no cooked ducks or chickens. It was believed that during the 13th century when the Mongolians conquered Fujian ºÖ«Ø province many Fujianese hid themselves in the sugar cane groves. For many days they stayed there without food except by chewing sugar canes to survive. After the Hordes of Mongols had left they returned to their homes. They were grateful to the sugar canes for saving their lives. It was the nineth day of the New Year and from then on the Fujianese (Hokkien in Malaysia) used sugar canes to pray to the Heavenly God on the nineth day of the New Year.

I am happy to read that finally there is someone translating Si-Ma Qian's Shi Ji into English. Many years ago I had tried to translate it but had gone no way.

I have posted the chronology of the State of Zheng to Yahoo Club and hope that it might help a bit in your translation.

I am not too happy with your post. So I am taking a break to write this.

Languages are living things which change all the time. New words are created, and new meanings are associated with old words continually. It is important for us not to interpret older writings using modern definitions.

You may not use the modern definition of a word to read Confucius' writings, unless the meaning of that particular word did not change during the past 2,000 years.

Living in the U.S., you are aware of the new meaning given to the word 'cool.' Now it would be wrong to look at anything written 100 years ago containing the word 'cool' and think the word means 'nice.'

Let me give you an example. The opening sentence of Confucius's Lun Yu (Aneclect 1.1) begins with this original text:

¤l¤ê¡@¡u¾Ç¦Ó®É²ß¤§¡@¤£¥ç»¡¥G¡@¡v

Without consulting a modern dictionary, we all know that the word »¡ means 'to speak.' But what does Confucius means by this sentence? It does not make any sense!

Is this a typo? If you consult ancient editions, you will find that it is not a typo.

The fact is that this word is the archaic spelling of the word ®®, and the sentence really says,

¤l¤ê¡@¡u¾Ç¦Ó®É²ß¤§¡@¤£¥ç®®¥G¡@¡v

I give this example to show that you should not blindly rely on the word definitions given by modern dictionaries. Now, back to your question. We have been studying Confucius for generations, and there are annotations of all of his writings. The answer to your question has been clearly given by annotation. Read my earlier postings, and do a little research! Don't guess. The annotations are in the library as well as in this website. Only then will you know for certain which is wrong.

I am reading (actually, translating) the simaqian shijia right now, and have noticed two errors (typos) so far, in the first shijia (wutaibo): here they are;

1- about one third from the beginning, just after the famous passage of Jili acting as a musical critics, there is the following paragraph:

¡@ ¡@ ¥h »ô ¡A ¨Ï ©ó ¾G ¡C ¨£ ¤l ²£ ¡A ¦p  ¥æ ¡C ¿× ¤l ²£ ¤ê ¡G ¡u¾G ¤§ °õ ¬F ¨× ¡A Ãø ±N ¦Ü ¨o ¡A ¬F ¥² ¤Î ¤l ¡C ¡B ¤½ ¤l ¯ð ¡B ¤½? ¤l ¬° ¬F ¡A ·V ¥H § ¡C¡e ¤@ ¡f ¤£ µM ¡A ¾G °ê ±N ±Ñ ¡C ¡v ¥h ¾G ¡A ¾A ½Ã ¡C »¡ õø Þ¶ ¡B ¥v ª¯¡B ¥v ¨û µo ¡B ¤½ ¤l ´Â ¤ê ¡G ¡u ½Ã ¦h §g ¤l ¡A ¥¼¦³ ±w ¤] ¡C ¡v

now the underlined part[in red] should be in the next line (one character missing...), not in the adress to Zichan, but in the list of princes of Han Jili adressed.

2- a few paragraphs later

¤C ¦~ ¡A ·¡ ¤½ ¤l ³ò ·I ¨ä ¤ý §¨ ±Î ¦Ó ¥N ¥ß ¡A ¬O ¬° ÆF ¤ý ¡C¡e ¤@ ¡f ¤Q ¦~ ¡A ·¡ ÆF ¤ý ·| ½Ñ «J ¦Ó ¥H ¥ï §d ¤§ ¦¶ ¤è ¡A ¥H ¸Ý »ô ¼y«Ê ¡C §d ¥ç §ð ·¡ ¡A ¨ú ¤T ¨¶ ¦Ó ¥h ¡C ¡e ¤G ¡f ¤Q ¤@ ¦~ ¡A ·¡ ¥ï §d ¡A¦Ü ³¸ °ú ¡C ¡e ¤T ¡f ¤Q ¤G ¦~ ¡A ·¡ ´_ ¨Ó ¥ï ¡A ¦¸ ©ó °® ÁÆ ¡A ·¡ ®v ±Ñ¨« ¡C

Has note nr 4 missing, just after ¦¸ ©ó °® ÁÆ ¡A

Please let me know if these help, I will keep you informed if I find other typos...

Anyway, thank you very much for the effort. Electronic copies of documents are a great help to readers/translators: using Word macros and such database as the unicode base, looking up dictionaries, by having the radical/key or Kangxi entry automatically displayed, is made much easier. And my reading of Simaqian has been sped by a very important factor. (I believe other applications, like trying to detect changes of style/author in ancient texts) could be possible as well...).

Francois Charton

The modern usage of ¿Ë generally has two meanings:

1. ¿Ëªñ ( to be close )and your professor is adopting this one to explain ¿Ë¥Á.

¤j¾Ç¤§¹D¡R ¦b©ú©ú¼w¡M¦b¿Ë¥Á¡M ¦b¤î©ó¦Üµ½?P> [¤j¾Ç = ¤j¤H¤§¾Ç]
[¹D = ¤èªk¡M ³~®|]
[©ú©ú¼w = ¿×Åã©ú¨ä¦Ü¼w]
[¿Ë¥Á = ¿Ë=·s¡M§Y¨Ï¥Á²³¯à¤é·s¤S·s¡M¶i¨B¤£¤x¡M ¿×¤§¿Ë¥Á]
[¤î©ó¦Üµ½ = ¦Üµ½= ¿×¨Æ²z·íµM¤§·¥¡C¨¥¤j¾Ç¤§¹D¡M ¥²¦Ü©óµ½¦Ó¤£¾E¡C]

If you are not sure about the meanings of any of the following phrases post your questions to chinapage.

ª¾¤î¦Ó¦Z¦³©w¡M©w¦Ó¦Z¯àÀR?ÀR¦Ó¦Z¯à¦w¡M¦w¦Ó¦Z¯à¼{¡M¼{¦Ó¦Z¯à±o.

ª«¦³¥»¥½¡M¨Æ¦³²×©l¡Mª¾©Ò¥ý«á¡M«hªñ¹D¨o.

¥j¤§±ý©ú©ú¼w©ó¤Ñ¤UªÌ¡M¥ýªv¨ä°ê¡Q±ýªv¨ä°êªÌ¡M¥ý»ô¨ä®a?BR> ±ý»ô¨ä®aªÌ¡M¥ý­×¨ä¨­¡Q±ý­×¨ä¨­ªÌ¡M¥ý¥¿¨ä¤ß?BR> ±ý¥¿¨ä¤ßªÌ¡M¥ý¸Û¨ä·N¡Q±ý¸Û¨ä·NªÌ¡M¥ý­P¨äª¾¡Q­Pª¾¦b®æª«.

ª«®æ¦Ó¦Zª¾¦Ü¡Mª¾¦Ü¦Ó¦Z·N¸Û¡M·N¸Û¦Ó¦Z¤ß¥¿¡M¤ß¥¿¦Ó¦Z¨­­×¡M
¨­­×¦Ó¦Z®a»ô¡M®a»ô¦Ó¦Z°êªv¡M°êªv¦Ó¦Z¤Ñ¤U¥­.

¦Û¤Ñ¤l¥H¦Ü±f¤H¡M³ü¬O¬Ò¥H­×¨­¬°¥»¡M¨ä¥»¶Ã¦Ó¥½ªvªÌ§_¨o?BR> ¨ä©Ò«pªÌÁ¡¡M¦Ó¨ä©ÒÁ¡ªÌ«p¡M¨S¤§¦³¤].

From zen.html page, you may find URL to some sites with extensive Chinese translations.

Regarding your query for interpretation of Confucius' Daxue, let me quote from the book
¥|®Ñ³¹¥y¶°ª`

In the Chapter, ¤j¾Ç³¹¥y of this book,
I find the following quotation:

¡@ ¡@ ¤j ¾Ç ¤§ ¹D ¡A ¦b ©ú ©ú ¼w ¡A ¦b ¿Ë ¥Á ¡A ¦b ¤î ©ó ¦Ü µ½ ¡C µ{ ¤l ¤ê ¡G ¡u ¿Ë ¡A ·í §@ ·s ¡C ¡v

The last sentence is the interpretation of Confucius by µ{¤l.

Hope this may of some help.

The starting point for studying Confucius' writings.

http://www.elgin.free-online.co.uk/grwr_ind.htm

And again, O Lord, it all seems pretty complicated :-( and nontheless very interesting

Alfred ¶ø¡¡

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

Alfred ¶ø¡¡

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

http://eliren.com/

The site, initiated and maintained by two young Chinese women, Zhang Mingming* and Mao Yiling**, seems having stirred up great part of PRC's (male?) society. Shanghai's newspaper ¡¡¡¡¥Á¡¡ reported that 200 males didn't leave the club alive! After this news, the site's daily access encreased to one million causing the server's break-down. The club's membership is about 50,000 (males?) by now.
(* well-known actor, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; **Taiwan, promoted at Univ. of Columbia)

BTW, did you know that PRC's suicide rate among women is said to be highest in the world? (Due to a misunderstood ¤Õ¡¡ in the minds of China's males?) And that the "new rich" again are "keeping" concubines?

Alfred ¶ø¡¡

www.fa-kuan.muc.de
Traces of Butterflies' Dreams - ½º¹Ú²ª "Tieh Meng Hen"
(www.fa-kuan.muc.de/SPUREN.RXML)
My Poetry (www.fa-kuan.muc.de/MYPOEMS.RXML)

I shall post my response on the Yahoo Club area, as I like to leave this space open for queries from readers about less technical questions.

Oops. Sorry, got into GB again.

To read the Chinese text for the above topic in the last post please go to View, Encoding, and Chinese Simplified.

Oops. Sorry, got into GB again.

To read the Chinese text in BIG5 for the above topic in the last post please go to View, Encoding, and Chinese Traditional.

Dear Meg

I have posted a picture of your Mock Paper Money at the Photo Section of CTB Yahoo Section
http://clubs.yahoo.com/clubs/chinathebeautiful.

The paper money clearly showed three dieties (from right to left) in the form of Fu ¸£ Luck , Lu » Wealth and Shou ÊÙ Longevity. The paper money is obviously meant to be burnt as a "gold" ½ð value. The lower valued paper money is called the "silver" Òø.

Many Chinese houses, especially among Cantonese, will have the three dieties in drawings, ceramics or plastic figurines placed as a decor. The dieties were given the status of three stars, viz. Fu Lu Shou Stars ¸£Â»ÊÙÐÇ.The Fu and Lu Stars are not real stars. The Fu Star ¸£ÐÇ was said to be named after a Tang Dynasty official called Yang Cheng ?³Ç. The Lu Star »ÐÇ was said to be named after Meng Chang ÃÏêÆ, a Shu King Êñ¹úÍõ during the early Song Dynasty Ëγ¯. The Shou Star ÊÙÐÇ is actually a real star, Canopus in the constellation Argo. The mythology part was that Shou was born after ten years of pregnancy, hence he had bossing of the fore-head and walked with a stick.A peach uasually accompanied him to suggest longevity. Apparently. the first Emperor of China, Qin Shi Huangdi, ordered his subjects to pray to the Shou Star as a diety.

Garrett, Valery M. Chinese Clothing: An Illustrated Guide. Hong Kong: Oxford University Press, 1994.

Comprehensive survey of Chinese clothing dating from the Ming and Qing to the twentieth century, with separate chapters on military uniforms, dress for special occasions (such as funeral clothing), children¡¡ wear, and minority dress.