Compilation
The
compilation of the first set of Siku Quanshu was a major project that lasted ten
years.
1. Organization
Compilation of the Siku Quanshu was organized
into three main departments, namely the Editorial Department, the Transcription
Department and the Production Department. These Departments were respectively
responsible for the collecting of books or manuscript. To compile the classical
literature, 300 scholars and experts plus 3,800 scribes were
recruited.
2. Administration
The Chief
Executive Officer, Aixinjueluo Yongrong and the Deputy Chief Executive Officer,
Jin Jian were on the top of the hierarchy. At the next level were the Chief
Editorial Officer, Ji Yun underpinned by the Bibliography Officers and Editorial
Officers; the Chief Reviewing Officer, Xie Yong; the Chief Proof-reading
Officer, Lu Fei Chi underpinned by Proof-reading
Officers (First Proof) and
Proof-reading Officers (Second Proof); Administrative Officer, Meng Ji
underpinned by Collating Officers and Production
Officers.
3.
Supervision
In order to ensure a successful process, Emperor Qianlong
enforced his officials to setup a supervisory system and a reward and punishment
scheme. Emperor Qianlong himself supervised the whole process of the giganic
work together with regular inspections by specially assigned Court Officers.
Rewards were in form of material gifts or official honour while punishments
included salary deduction or
confinement.
4. Time span
Starting from the open
solicitation of literature, it took ten years to finish the compilation of the
first set of Siku Quanshu and another eight years to produce six additional
transcripts.
5. Name
Following the example set by
Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, Emperor Qianlong adopted the term Siku
which represents the "Four Treasuries" of Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji , a broad
classification to divide all knowledge into four main branches. In order to
signify this collection as the continuation of the past and a beginning for the
future, the term Quanshu literally meaning ¨Complete Collection〃 was added.
6. Binding
Four different colours were respectively used for the cover of
each volume, green for Jing, red for Shi, blue for Zi and grey for Ji. However,
yellow was used for a separate volume consisting of the Siku Quanshu General
Catalogue (Siku Quanshu Zong Mulu) and the Siku Quanshu Textual Validity
(Siku Quanshu Kaozheng).
7. Conserving
Emperor Qianlong ordered libraries to be built for each
complete set of Siku Quanshu. All volumes of Siku Quanshu were put in folders
made of wood from nanmu trees for aesthetic appeal as well as for pest and
humidity control. As of today only three of the seven sets of Siku Quanshu were
kept completely, the others were all damaged or destroyed during the
wars.
8. Supplementary compilation
Siku
Quanshu General Catalogue (Siku Quanshu Zong Mulu), AD1773 Concise Siku Quanshu
General Catalogue (Siku Quanshu Zongmu Tiyao), AD1774 Siku Quanshu Textual
Validity (Siku Quanshu Kaozheng), AD1774
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